Molina receives the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry from King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden in Stockholm.

The Berkeley campus of the late ’60s and early ’70s was still reeling from the tumultuous political events of the preceding years, and for the first time, Mario Molina began to consider the social implications of scientific research, specifically the possible destructive application of laser technology in warfare. He was among the first to determine that irregularities in laser behavior that had been dismissed as noise were in fact “relaxation oscillations” that could be readily understood through the fundamental equations of laser emission. Under Pimentel’s direction, Molina conducted important research employing chemical lasers. There he expanded his knowledge of physics and mathematics as well as physical chemistry, and joined a research group led by Professor George Pimentel he would later credit Pimentel as a great influence on his development as a scientist. program in physical chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. Johnston, Mario Molina, and Molina’s mentor, Sherwood Rowland, in a 1983 ceremony in Los Angeles. Actor and environmentalist Lorne Greene presents the John and Alice Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement to Harold S. Molina hoped to pursue doctoral studies in the United States, but returned to Mexico first, to teach at UNAM, where he established the first graduate program in chemical engineering. He had arrived in Freiburg feeling somewhat underprepared in math and physics, and after completing his work at Freiburg, he traveled to Paris for a few months of intensive mathematical study. After receiving his chemical engineering degree, Molina enrolled in graduate courses at the University of Freiburg, Germany, where she spent two years carrying out research in the kinetics of polymerization. He returned to Mexico City to complete his secondary education and went on to the Autonomous National University of Mexico (UNAM), where he studied chemical engineering, a course that provided more training in mathematics than was available in the pure chemistry curriculum. Twenty years later, they shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for their work in atmospheric chemistry, concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone.” Sherwood Rowland, an atmospheric chemist, works in the lab with with his colleague, postdoctoral researcher Mario Molina, at University of California, Irvine. At age 11, he was sent briefly to a boarding school in Switzerland to begin the study of German, a language his parents hoped would be useful to a budding chemist. He played the violin and considered the possibility of a career in music, but found himself increasingly drawn to chemistry, and enjoyed reading biographies of the great chemists. The other major interest of his childhood was music. Young Mario acquired chemistry sets and built his own laboratory in an unused bathroom of the family home. Many of the Molinas were educated professionals, but the only scientist in the family was Mario’s aunt, Esther Molina, a chemist who encouraged his love of the sciences. A young Mario Molina enjoys a birthday with his family in Mexico City in the early 1950s. His father was a prominent attorney when Mario was grown, the elder Molina would serve his country as Ambassador to Ethiopia, Australia and the Philippines. When he encountered his first microscope, he was thrilled to observe the organisms living in a drop of ordinary pond water. From an early age, Mario was fascinated by the natural sciences. José Mario Molina-Pasqual Henriquez was born and raised in Mexico City.

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